Internal-combustion engine.



S. LAKE.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION F1LEDNO'.22,11Q

1,095,062, Patented Apr. 28, 1914.

. 3 SHEETS: HILA S. LAKE.

INTERNAL coMBUsTIoN ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 21. 1910k O 5 O02. Patented Apr, 28, 1914. Q Q k7 3 SHEETS-SHEET A52/Twin Za/rg HolnuJ UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SIMON LAKE. 0F MILFORD, CONNECTICUT.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 28. itil-l.

Application filed November 21. 1910. Serial No. 593.562.

I", of! :rho/n f( muy t tmf-t rfi.'

llc n ltnown that l. Sinon' ot' the tinted State rcoding at Lanta. a citizen Miltord. in

the 'ount'v of New llavt n and State oi' (loir i where high power i required.

To this,` end the invention coinliination o1 a power cylinder and an air compression cylinder. wherein the power cylinder hana pluralityY of air inlet porta disposed centrally in the wall thereof. and a pluralitiv ot' outlet or exhaust ports that are arranged adjacent to said air inlet ports whereby all of lxaid ports are controlled by the power piston cylinder so that on each troke in the double acting engine. the exhaust ports are first.

opened to pei'niit the exhaust of the prod; uctV of coinhuation rennltingr front the exthiit has driven tht.`

plosion of the charge coini'ireeaed air then piston on its stroke.

being admitted to drive out any remaining producta of combustion and thoroughly scavenge the cylinder.

which with the fuel admitted provides a eciiihustioii charge that taail lic ignited either through the comprension within the cylinder or b f means of a sparkingr plug aa desired.

Tlie invention further consists in the novel arrangement of 'the air rompi-essor whose piston is operated by. the power piston the air compressor piston being connected with the crank -shaict to rotate the Haine independently of any direct connection power piston and the crank shaft.: the arrangementv of a storage tank into which the air is compressed and t'roin which the power cylinder is Supplied with air t'or the pur poses stated; in the ronipaet arrangen'ient of the Cylinders and the several parta wlierehv the engine is particularly adapted for une in t Yeasels and spaces of restricted area; and

etlicient mingle for u.-e in vessels and spaces of restricted area i consiste; iti the i operating in the power 'f plnraliti and to Saippliv the` cylinder with a charge of fresh clean air hetweeii the lothcr features` `:Lerinanc to tlicae :evi-ral t features. as will now he described and then particolari)v pointed out in tial claims.

Fig. 2 1a a vertical section drawn on a slightly llarger cale through the power 55 cylinder illustrating' the mir-gered arrange nient ot' the air inlet and the cxhau t ports. Fig. il in a horizontal sect ion drar` n through the air in'let porta of the power cilinder on the line 2%#3 ot' Fig. view drawn through the exhale; port ou the line tml ot Fig. f, Fin; on lidc elevation of the power piston. Fig'. o i a horizontal section drawn on the line ll- Ao ol' Fig. 5. Fig. T a plan view ol' thi` power 75 piston. Fig. t5 is a vertical longitudinal section drawn through the air coinpiwsion cylinder on the line S *t ol. Fig. l. Fig. il

i5 a horizontal section drawn on the liuc tint) of Fig. H. @i the. cross-head through which the pi\tcn red 'fof the power piston and the air coniprc \ion 'i trunk-piston are connected designates a water viacltcicd l and a i'eniovahlc lower head rl`hc idc wall` ofthe c vlinder arc provided with a ot' centralhv arranged inlet poi-h y which are arranged in horii/.ontal alineY t, nient around the entire hoi'c olA and whica communicate with an annular l passage foi-ined in an enlargement can upon the exterior oi' thi` cvliuder. \diacent to the l*aid inlet port.` upon nach ide thereol and in `taggered relation to vaid inlet port- 9.

are Sets ol' exhaust port lornicd in the ydde walls otE the cylinder. and connnuni A eating' with an annular pa \aj:e formed in aid cnlargen'ient on each side ot" the air passar:` nicates with a conipresaed air tank li aa will he hereinafter described. and thc exhaust passager; coniniunieat'e through ports It'.

place for tiual discharge to the atnioaphere.

Operating in the power cylinder is a l power piston l in each end of which is ar ranged a series ot' paesagfe or ports that are designed to regi-f wil' il-e ports A2 when the pinion reaches the end -of each stroke and through which coni ln the accontianvinrA drawin; '-1, in thc o0 Figi'. ltl in a plan view ol gt) c vlinder. havingl an integral upper head f a5,

the ovlindcr an with a inanii'old through which the ex-` haust gares are conducted to any convenient air inlet 11G.

u'wwl air i, lefl irl the rylinder [,;:;-t\i:f ;ri=\ r/ ol the rvhpeeti'fe verles merge inte ventral ottluin# /1 u'hieh are fornirti in the eneib si' the pinion und open into tinpmwr f-t/'litider and through these ventral openingthe air eeinpw; into the cylinder lo drive ont the, produet oi' Qomhuetion and to ppiy the rylinfier with fresh rhargfe.` ot" B' ileeignziteis the pieton rod nl the power pieton wlnrh entends downwardly through they opening r' 1n the low r unil ot' the pi tti und il rough theA lower luz|il of the index'. The upper ond ot' the piston roll ihel-1l to the piston lit' a `'rew i' hoge heznl i.- ,euhetantiailv rone--,lmpe and agaimt whii'h the in-rusliin,fy air Strikes and i delict-teil upwardly in the renter of the ryliniltr toward the upper head il agaimt u'liirh it :trikes and then ilellreteil do\\'u\\'ariil.'\' longr the ities ol' the cylinder und tinall`\ oswpe alongr with an): remaining: produitA of 'onilumtion2 through the vxhawt port l tl 'why thoroughly #menging the cylinder.

ai the lower mail oi' the Cylinder the inwuehnig an etriln` against alle pieton rod lil' and is doliente-ii in the f-:tnnE niaunei' a-- llt-sv' iilvtil in rwuiort :o the tippt-r will of the will: ler.

Vliu' lower vnd ol' thepi-twu rofl l' A ou ueuetl to :t Toes head i) which iit\` Mt-ll down liet ori-n lh'A i'ranlt ai in i of' the power hait l'i unen tlnI piston l1- iin it` extreme imwrnnm pofition. lin' einl of tin' sowinattl l) brani-h out into lati-ral entendit to "wh/wil at: ionnwteil 'lorsnwarxli,v l\'tK n; ingfr simi-hulls -u' .lhori ioltunm l' to the louer :nhy of u hiel uw willow itil tlnl outs; endify 4firfll)v vxenrlinif portiom l"-' il i whirl: tuning is foruuhl lungi-a5 i\;i^'nl from a lrunlvphton iiiunia urli iu u'li'h yiperatiman roti (i that i:-J iwuinftmi :il it\ upper tml to tin:` iianl; pin if' of thtl power shalt ll. t it loner enti the aiil puman rod is wonnwteii to a \\ri\l pin f that i\ liournaletl in l'ufaringgb4 f* er lreil to the liut- :oni of tinI pi-.ton V' The pi ton l'" opL i-mtw in a ronipresrsion o vlllnler ll that i# iornzifil ui lis upper enit u ith oppmitely i powa! upwardlyA and outuirill' extending :irnrl or lira-#kom lll: whiih tlruiinuity at their upperfunl in outwardlyextending hiri` winlal portions, it" that tot upon ppm-tnt; beaniel whirh aim forni unpport i'or ilul hearings J of the power `-lntlt lf. [it tliiarrangement it will be wen that the poner cylinder und tlnk air romyirt-ion @vlinder are arranged riveli together. :unl vet rrmillill the f=nipo.'nniu ol' a lon;r pitluan roi-,i whereby a long' @rohe ol' the pout-r pi ton is olitaineil without \i'o\,-\i\'e height oi' the engine as a whole. the upper end of the fotnpri-ion rlrlinilr'r i` i'lostd l a removable lit-ad lll that ib, preferably made ne 'www The . into a combustible mixture in halves to facilitate the assembling of thti various parts piston is surrounded that into an annular recess formed by an annular flung:A ./i that extends upwardly from the head II'. The lower end of the compression cylinder is also closed by u removable head HIl that is formed with a central depression to receive the bearings f2 carried by the piston l" when said pistou is in its lowernimt posi tion.

K designates a compressed air receivingr tan into which the air is compressed from the compression cylinder. The tank l( i eonneited With the upper and lower enth of the lQaiil cylinder by means of pipes K' which are connected at their outer ends to taire casing that conimunieate with op posite ends of the compression cylinder through ports KX. The caninas are provided with outwardly opening.r ehe-rk volw to prevent back flow Of thtl air into the rvlinder.

l, designates inwardly opening f'het-lt valves held in valve cuisines L that Colnmunieate with the ends otl the cylinder `ll through ports l. The upper end of the rw wiring tank K rommunieate with the uw nuiur air pasage A12 through it pipe K2 in u'hieh is armored a. check valve 'f,

M designar-es upportingr volumi4 l'or ilu power vlini'ler A that rt`t upon the hearing; .l ot the crunk shaft.

(lil i; introduced into the power i-ylinilvr A\ through suppl)y pipes N which pruferahlt "ttnil from a torce pump (not shown) hut which ma)v extend from an suitalihyQouri'e oi' supply.

0 cleeifrnatuI` sparkingr plugs that extend through the heads of the power cylinder.

The operation of the engine i as follo\\'. `naming the engine to be running und that the powerpiston has reached the end of its ower `Qtroke as' eliown in Fig. l it will be Lwen that the ports b of said piston communii'ate with the air inlet ports A2 of the power cylinder A permitting ing'rees of air from the rompreseed nir receiving tank l( whirh air strikesI ugainet the none shape head of the Iscrew C and is deflected upwardly against the upper head of the p'ower i-.Ylioder and is tht-nee deflected downwardly ax indifated by the arrows in Fig. 1. Now upon theA return lstroke of the power piston both tht` inlet and the exhaust Orts are first Closed and the air trapped in t e upper end of the Cylinder is compressed with oil that is admitted into the cylinder at any time from the ointment-ement of the up stroke of the piden. and this eompreson continues until the piston has reached its extreme u per position by whirh time the oil has geen thoroughly disintegrated und converted which then igof'comhustion will escape,

nites through the heat of the highly oompressed air and drives the piston on its return or down stroke. When the engine is used as a double acting engine. the same operation is repeated. Now as the piston nears the end ot' its upward stroke the exhaust ports` thatl connnunicate with the cylinder below the lower end ot' the piston will be lirst uncovered which allows the products ot' combustion to rush out into the annular passage and escape through the manifold, then upon a further movement of the piston the ports or passages in the lower end ot' the piston will he brought into register with the air inlet ports A2 and the moment the res-sure in the cylinder is reduced below that oi the pres-sure in the air receiving tank. fresh air will rush into the cylinder to first drive ont the remaining products of eomhu tion and then supply the cylinder withna charge of fresh clean air which is con pressed along wit-h the oil upon the next dtvn stroke as previously described in respect to the up movement of the piston. By staggering the inlet and exhaust ports. that is. arranging them out of vertuieal alinement. the solid portions of the piston between the ports' b keep the exhaust ports twv) closed until they are uncovered hy the ends oyfthe piston. so that the air is prevented from enterin the cylinder until the ports l; are brought into register with the inlet A2 thus preventing any possibility of tli'e air inlet and the exhaust ports being throvt7n into communication except through the central openings b in the piston and then only afterUthe pressure in tie power piston has heen reduced below that of the air receiving tank. atjvhiclrtlme the eheckvalve in the pipe communicating with the receiving tank and the annular air assage, will ,be annomatieally opened and) tank will canse the ai to rush through the ports in the piston into the cylinder.

The engine may be adjusted to o crate as a single acting engine by cutting o the fuel supply from either end of the cylinder,'and the airthat is drawn into and compresse-d in thecompression cylinder is forced into the receiving tank K, froxri which it escapes into the power cylinder through the ports A the moment. the latter have been uncovered h v the power piston. When the exhaust ports are tiret opened some of the products by reason of the fact that the pressure 1n greater than atmospheric ressure, and hence the gases 4and some of t e iroducts ot combustion will rush out throng the ports the moment they are uncovered. The pressure. in the cylinder being thus reduced. the moment the air`inlet ports A are opened compressed air from the receiving tank will rush into the cylinder through the paasages or ports b in the piston and striking against the pressure in the' the cylinder is' the cone member e wardly in the center of the cylinder toward the cylinder head against which it strikes and is again detiected do\\'n\\'ardl-\' to tinall \Y escape through the exhaust ports and thusl drive out all remaining products of eombus tion. or in other words, thoroughly scavenging the cylinder. lVhen the engine is ad- 'usted to run as a double acting engine, both fuel inlets being open. a similar operation takes place at each end of the cylinder and on eaelt stroke of the piston.

During the upwardmovement of the air eompressing piston F 'the air that has been drawn into the upper end of the compression cylinder H during the previous down stroke ot' the piston lt" will be compressed and forced into the receiving tank K and likewise outhe down stroke of the compressing iiston the air in the compression eylmder elow the iston F' will he comiressed and forced into the receiving tank. It will thus be seen that the engine is exceedingly lsimple in construction` that there are no inlet or exhaust valves required for its operation which thus permits of the dispensing with the gearing for operating such valves, and that by the construction shown the control of the ports is entirely automatic. lVhile I have shown the sengine equipped with ignition devices l desire. it understood that they may be eut ont of o )eration witlr the use of certain grades of oils or fuel and the charge of the fuel may he ignited through the heat of the hi hly compressed air within the power eylint er. lt will also he seen by reference to Fig. 1 of the drawings that the area of the air compressing cylinder is greater than that of the power eylinderfso that more air may be compressed than is required for the charge that is used for fuel purposes.

What I` claim is z 1. In a double acting internal combustion engine, a po.wer cylinder having a single set of .air inlet .'piirts arranged centrally in the walls thereof in horizontal alinement throughout `the bore pf the cylinder and a plurality of exhaust ports arranged above and below said air inlet. orts and out of vertical alinement with said air inlet ports. a power piston operating in said power cylinder having passages emporte adjacent to each end that are designed to register with said single set of air inlet ports when the piston reachea the end of each stroke, and a centrally arranged opening at each end of the piston communicating with said air assnges or ports and the opposite ends of said cylinder, a piston rod extending from one end of the power ston through the opening in said end, an a conical member for distributing the lincoming air arranged in the opening at the op ite' endof said piston and'adapted to ho d said'piston rod will be deflected up-` liu mi pamugu of sziiil powelcylindur, and :a fuel i supply l'ml said {wwer cylinder.

lietwemi lli@ y operating in said cylinder having passages tlm! rclisiw willi .sind ir inlcl' poi'lS winmx lhe piston reaches the end of each stroke, wml owl uf .wml pisiuii imving i'. central opening miilmlmimning with adjacent' im :iw ifkvlimlvlhaving :in annular rzigrs nml uml nf Ilm pmwfi' cylinrlxi', :i pia im) md izu'riwl by ,:iiil mwm' piston, n crabs hearl winni mi Ui ille mitm' and Hf nul pirilmi mil, im air ".iiiprvssing tiuuk-pislmi cai'ricd by nifl usisflzezul, :i fimk ilafh (if il li'iiikliimml :ind tu llw fimli nl icl ixziiil` vJuil! unl zulzlptml lf' .-wzlzih will i'i':1xili:li;|fl imlepefmenlly erf Ilmj pmw-i' pbion, n umzipiwwinn v vlimlm in wliivli tlm H'luiii pinion piti-nw ein nii ivi-living lruikt ulivo com milled pigivr: ciriiiisr'ling :lie uppusilv ends (if nhl coiilpressimi vylii'iilvi' with .said receivf mnh. zz wlw n' mrulied pipe extending imm smid milk il Said inlet p01*? of llw )ii-mi vylinilm" nml u fuel supply for mali .xul of will pmwr cylinder.

in tetiiiwiiy whereof I lmve hereunto svi my lmml tlfii` 271i (lay of ovember, A, D.

SIMON LKR,

Witnesbes 1 JAMES \V. (lumi, M. I). BinNiimL. 

